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Wire sculpture
Wire sculpture refers to the creation of sculpture or jewelry (sometimes called wire wrap jewelry) out of wire. The use of metal wire in jewelry dates back to the 2nd Dynasty in Egypt and to the Bronze and Iron Ages in Europe.〔Jack Ogden, ‘Classical Gold wire: Some Aspects of its Manufacture and Use’, Jewellery Studies, 5, 1991, pp. 95–105.〕 In the 20th century, the works of Alexander Calder, Ruth Asawa, and other modern practitioners developed the medium of wire sculpture as an art form.
==Alexander Calder==
Alexander Calder (1898–1976), an American sculptor, greatly developed the use of wire as a medium for sculpture with his kinetic and movement based ''Cirque Calder'', as well as pieces such as ''Two Acrobats'', ''Romulus and Remus'', and ''Hercules and Lion''.
In 1926, after a stint spent making toys at the request of a Serbian toy merchant in Paris, Calder began creating his ''Cirque Calder'', a miniature, movable circus that uses movable wire models of various circus performers, like sword eaters and lion tamers.〔http://ubu.artmob.ca/video/Calder-Alexander_Le-cirque.avi〕 After this, Calder created complete pieces only using wire and in 1927 had a show of wire sculptures at the Weyhe Gallery in New York City. In 1930, he had a solo show of wire sculptures in Paris at Galerie Billiet.
Calder’s wire sculptures of this period tended to be portraits, caricatures, and stylized representations of people and animals. While originally believing the medium of wire sculpture to be merely clever and amusing, as his work developed, he began to state that wire sculpture had an important place in the history of art and remarked on the great possibilities that lie within the medium.〔Alexander Calder, unpublished, Alexander Foundation Archives, http://calder.org/historicaltexts/text/1.html〕
“These new studies in wire, however, did not remain the simple modest little things I had done in New York. They are still simple, more simple than before; and therein lie the great possibilities which I have only recently come to feel for the wire medium...
There is one thing, in particular, which connects them with history. One of the canons of the futuristic painters, as propounded by Modigliani, was that objects behind other objects should not be lost to view, but should be shown through the others by making the latter transparent. The wire sculpture accomplishes this in a most decided manner.”
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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